Īt the foundations of every IoT platform are the “things” that are intelligent sensors and actuators usually connected to wireless networks (thus creating a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)).
These applications are increasingly heterogeneous, complex, and demanding. Examples of IoT applications can be found for smart cities, smart homes, e-health, intelligent transportation, critical infrastructures, precision agriculture, smart factories, or for Industry 4.0. IoT infrastructure engages in multiple application domains and in emerging businesses where physical and virtual devices are able to inter-operate through a data network without human intervention. In fact, the IoT market has maintained a sustainable growth in the last several decades and is estimated to grow to 20 billion devices in 2020. The Internet of Things (IoT) is no longer a novel concept and has already become an everyday term. The obtained results show that the proposed VTED architecture is very fast, with some smart sensors (located in Europe) able to self-register and self-configure in a remote cloud (in South America) in less than 3 s and to display data to remote users in less than 2 s. Specifically, user experience was quantified empirically (i.e., how fast the system shows collected data to a user was measured). In order to evaluate the performance of the system, it was tested when using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and Ethernet-based smart sensors in different scenarios. Thanks to the developed human-centered tools, it is possible to configure and modify dynamically IoT device firmware, managing the active transducers and their communication protocols in an easy and intuitive way, without requiring any prior programming knowledge. Such protocols enable the development of novel IoT solutions while guaranteeing low latency, low power consumption, and the required Quality of Service (QoS). It makes use of new lightweight protocols that allow sensors to self-describe, auto-calibrate, and auto-register. This article presents a Virtual Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (VTEDS)-based framework for the development of intelligent sensor nodes with plug-and-play capabilities in order to contribute to the evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) toward the Web of Things (WoT).
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